Nanosuspension: A Promising Drug Delivery System for Poorly Soluble Drugs

Abstract

Nanosuspensions are a cutting-edge approach in drug delivery systems aimed at addressing the challenges posed by poorly water-soluble drugs, which constitute a significant proportion of new chemical entities. These sub-micron colloidal dispersions, stabilized by surfactants or polymers, offer remarkable improvements in solubility, dissolution rates, and bioavailability. Nanosuspensions exhibit versatility across multiple administration routes, including oral, parenteral, pulmonary, ocular, and dermal delivery. Preparation techniques such as media milling, high-pressure homogenization, and precipitation enable the production of nanosized drug particles with enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity. This review discusses the advantages of nanosuspensions, including their potential for controlled and targeted drug release, cost-effectiveness, and feasibility for a broad range of drugs. Challenges such as stability issues, energy-intensive preparation methods, and scale-up complexities are also highlighted. Despite these hurdles, nanosuspensions hold immense promise in improving the therapeutic outcomes of poorly soluble drugs, making them a vital tool in modern pharmaceutical sciences.