Sustained-Release Tablets: Evaluation and Challenges in Formulation

Abstract

Sustained release tablets are designed to deliver drugs at a controlled rate, optimizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. This formulation technique improves patient compliance, reduces dosing frequency, and maintains consistent plasma drug levels. Materials such as hydrophilic polymers, hydrophobic matrices, and ion-exchange resins are commonly used to achieve sustained release properties. Evaluation of sustained release tablets involves parameters like hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content uniformity, in vitro dissolution studies, and stability testing. Despite their advantages, challenges such as dose dumping, formulation complexity, and cost remain. This article explores the principles, materials, evaluation methods, challenges, and applications of sustained release tablets in the pharmaceutical industry.